2 problems

Let $E”(u)$ be the Hessian of the Ginzburg–Landau energy at a minimizer $u$, and let $\rho(\kappa)^{-1}$ denote its coercivity constant. Assume the general hypotheses of the paper…

Let $E(L)$ be the limiting energy defined by … and let $\lambda$ be the function introduced in the source. For $b>0$, define $E^{\rm 1D}(b)=\mathfrak{b}(\alpha_0,b)$, where…