Extremality conjecture for symmetric Hales–Jewett thresholds

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Let t,r≥2t,r\geq 2. Write nsym(t,r)n_{\mathrm{sym}}(t,r) for the largest nn such that [t]n[t]^n admits a line-free symmetric rr-coloring, and let HJ(t,r)\mathrm{HJ}(t,r) denote the least nn such that every rr-coloring of [t]n[t]^n contains a monochromatic combinatorial line. A line-free symmetric coloring is in particular line-free, so

nsym(t,r)≤HJ(t,r)−1.n_{\mathrm{sym}}(t,r)\leq \mathrm{HJ}(t,r)-1.

Extremality conjecture. For all t,r≥2t,r\geq 2,

nsym(t,r)=HJ(t,r)−1.n_{\mathrm{sym}}(t,r)=\mathrm{HJ}(t,r)-1.

The conjecture asserts that the upper bound obtained by restricting to symmetric colorings is always attained. The cited constructions give nsym(3,3)≥21n_{\mathrm{sym}}(3,3)\geq 21 and nsym(4,2)≥13n_{\mathrm{sym}}(4,2)\geq 13, but the general equality remains open.

References

Primary source

Younes Mouhib, “Lower Bounds for the Hales-Jewett Numbers via Symmetric and One-Weight Colorings”, arXiv:2606.22155 (2026).

Additional references

2 papers in this index state this conjecture (2026). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:2604.26592.

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