Global optimality of OFDM over the almost-sure set

Let NN be the number of subcarriers, let U(N)\mathbb{U}(N) denote the unitary group, and let ΩN\Omega_N be the almost-sure set appearing in the assumptions of the relevant asymptotic and local optimality theorems. For a unitary waveform basis UU(N)\mathbf{U}\in\mathbb{U}(N), let f(U)f(\mathbf{U}) denote the ranging Cramér–Rao bound, and let FNH\mathbf{F}_N^H represent the OFDM basis.

Global optimality of OFDM over the almost-sure set. Under the same assumptions as the preceding asymptotic and local optimality theorems, OFDM is the global minimizer of the ranging CRB over ΩN\Omega_N; that is, for every UU(N)\mathbf{U}\in\mathbb{U}(N),

E ⁣[f(U)|ΩN]E ⁣[f(FNH)|ΩN].\mathbb{E}\!\left[f(\mathbf{U})\middle|\Omega_N\right]\geq \mathbb{E}\!\left[f(\mathbf{F}_N^{H})\middle|\Omega_N\right].

The conjecture would close the narrow gap left by the paper's frequency-spread and local optimality results, which exclude broad classes of non-OFDM bases and small perturbations of OFDM but do not cover every unitary waveform basis. Its status is not established by the supplied text.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Fan Liu, Yifeng Xiong, Ya-Feng Liu, Jie Yang, Christos Masouros and Shi Jin, “CP-OFDM Achieves Lower Ranging CRB Than Frequency-Spread Waveforms in the Large-Sample Regime”, arXiv:2605.14451 (2026).

Additional references

2 papers in this index state this conjecture (2024–2026). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:2407.06691.

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