Triangular-torus minimum conjecture for toroidal Casimir energy

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Let d≥3d\geq 3 and let the theory be a unitary bosonic conformal field theory that is not a topological quantum field theory. Let E(τ)\mathcal{E}(\tau) denote its dimensionless modular-invariant toroidal Casimir energy density on the standard PSL(2,Z)PSL(2,\mathbb{Z}) fundamental domain. Triangular-torus minimum conjecture. The function E(τ)\mathcal{E}(\tau) has a global minimum at τ=e2πi/3\tau=e^{2\pi i/3}. The claim is supported by the free scalar, critical O(N)O(N), and holographic examples discussed in the paper, but no general proof is supplied.

References

Primary source

Conghuan Luo and Yifan Wang, “Casimir Energy and Modularity in Higher-dimensional Conformal Field Theories”, arXiv:2212.14866 (2025).

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