Symplectic variance conjecture for sums of divisor functions over quadratic residues

From papers

Let dk(n)d_k(n) denote the kk-fold divisor function, and define

Sdk;xS(p)=nx (modp)\pndk(n).\mathcal{S}^S_{d_k;x}(p)=\sum_{\substack{n\leq x\ \equiv \square\,(\mathrm{mod}\,p)\p\nmid n}}d_k(n).

For x1/kyx^{1/k}\leq y and primes pp with yp2yy\leq p\leq 2y, write Varp[y,2y]\mathrm{Var}_{p\in[y,2y]} for the variance over these primes. The symplectic variance conjecture.

Varp[y,2y](Sdk;xS)akSx4γdk,2S(logxlogy)(logy)2k2+k2,\mathrm{Var}_{p\in [y,2y]}\left(\mathcal{S}^S_{d_k;x}\right)\sim a_k^S \frac{x}{4}\gamma_{d_k,2}^S\left(\frac{\log x}{\log y}\right)(\log y)^{2k^2+k-2},

where akSa_k^S is an arithmetic constant and γdk,2S(c)\gamma_{d_k,2}^S(c) is the piecewise polynomial of degree 2k2+k22k^2+k-2 given by the source. This conjecture predicts the integer analogue of the symplectic variance arising from the corresponding function-field integral; its status is not resolved in the supplied text.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Vivian Kuperberg and Matilde Lalín, “Symplectic conjectures for sums of divisor functions and explorations of an orthogonal regime”, arXiv:2212.04969 (2024).

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