Displacement-angle characterization of the negative mapping class semigroup

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Let Map⁡g,1\operatorname{Map}_{g,1} be the mapping class group of a genus-gg surface with one marked point, and let Map⁡g,1(−)⊂Map⁡g,1\operatorname{Map}_{g,1}(-)\subset\operatorname{Map}_{g,1} be the semigroup under consideration. The central extension associated with the boundary action gives a homomorphism

ρper⁡:Map⁡g,1→Homeo⁡per⁡(R),\rho^{\operatorname{per}}:\operatorname{Map}_{g,1}\to\operatorname{Homeo}^{\operatorname{per}}(\mathbb R),

where Homeo⁡per⁡(R)\operatorname{Homeo}^{\operatorname{per}}(\mathbb R) is the group of 2π2\pi-periodic orientation-preserving homeomorphisms of R\mathbb R. For ϕ∈Map⁡g,1\phi\in\operatorname{Map}_{g,1} and ℓ∈R\ell\in\mathbb R, its displacement angle is (ρper⁡(ϕ)(ℓ)−ℓ) mod 2πZ(\rho^{\operatorname{per}}(\phi)(\ell)-\ell)\bmod 2\pi\mathbb Z. Displacement-angle characterization. The subsemigroup Map⁡g,1(−)⊂Map⁡g,1\operatorname{Map}_{g,1}(-)\subset\operatorname{Map}_{g,1} consists of mapping classes whose displacement angle is non-negative at every point of R\mathbb R. This proposed characterization relates the semigroup to the boundary action of the mapping class group and generalizes the preceding displacement-angle criterion; the source presents it as conjectural, with no resolution supplied here.

References

Primary source

J. Amorós, F. Bogomolov, L. Katzarkov, T. Pantev and I. Smith, “Symplectic Lefschetz fibrations with arbitrary fundamental groups”, arXiv:math/9810042 (1998).

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