Positivity conjecture for the two-variable Kerov polynomial correction

Let r,sr,s be positive integers, let Φ(x,j)\Phi(x,j) be the generating-function expression used in the preceding propositions, and write [xr+1][x^{r+1}] and [ys+1][y^{s+1}] for coefficient extraction. The resulting expression is a polynomial in free cumulants. Two-variable positivity conjecture. The following quantity is positive in free cumulants:

[xr+1][ys+1]j=0r1Φ(x,j)j=0s1Φ(y,j)(xy)2(yxrxy)(xysxy).[x^{r+1}] [y^{s+1}] \prod_{j=0}^{r-1} \Phi(x,j) \prod_{j=0}^{s-1} \Phi(y,j) \frac{(xy)^2}{(y - x -rxy)(x-y -sxy)}.

This conjecture is based on numerical evidence and concerns the positivity of the correction term in the formula for Σr,s\Sigma_{r,s}. The source notes that positivity of the original Kerov polynomials remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Amarpreet Rattan and Piotr Sniady, “Upper bound on the characters of the symmetric groups for balanced Young diagrams and a generalized Frobenius formula”, arXiv:math/0610540 (2007).

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