Dickson's generalised Hardy–Littlewood conjecture for affine-linear forms

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Let N,d,t,LN,d,t,L be positive integers, let Ψ=(ψ1,…,ψt)\Psi=(\psi_1,\ldots,\psi_t) be a system of affine-linear forms with ∥Ψ∥N⩽L\|\Psi\|_N\leqslant L, and let K⊂[−N,N]dK\subset[-N,N]^d be a convex body. Define the archimedean factor β∞\beta_\infty and local factors βp\beta_p as in the paper. Generalised Hardy–Littlewood conjecture. One has

∑n∈K∩Zd∏i∈[t]Λ(ψi(n))=β∞∏pβp+ot,d,L(Nd).\sum_{n\in K\cap\mathbb{Z}^d}\prod_{i\in[t]}\Lambda(\psi_i(n))=\beta_\infty\prod_p\beta_p+o_{t,d,L}(N^d).

Here Λ\Lambda is the von Mangoldt function, and the product is over primes. This is the expected asymptotic for prime values of a system of affine-linear forms, incorporating both archimedean and local congruence factors. The conjecture remains open in general, although the paper proves it conditionally for systems of finite complexity from the inverse Gowers-norm and Möbius–nilsequence conjectures.

References

Primary source

Ben Green and Terence Tao, “Linear Equations in Primes”, arXiv:math/0606088 (2008).

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