Friedlander–Iwaniec twisted incomplete Kloosterman-sum conjecture

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Let a,q≥2a,q\geq2 be integers with (a,q)=1(a,q)=1 and qq not a perfect square, and let H,K≥1H,K\geq1 be reals. Define e(u):=e2πiue(u):=e^{2\pi i u}, let (⋅⋅)\left(\frac{\cdot}{\cdot}\right) denote the Jacobi symbol, and let hˉ\bar h denote the multiplicative inverse of hh modulo qq. Friedlander–Iwaniec twisted incomplete Kloosterman-sum conjecture. For any ϵ>0\epsilon>0,

∑1≤h≤H(h,q)=1∑0≤k<K(hq)e(ahˉk2q)≪ϵ(H1/2K1/2+H3/4+K+q−1/2HK+q−1/2K2)qϵ.\begin{aligned} &\mathop{\sum_{1\leq h\leq H}}_{(h,q)=1}\sum_{0\leq k<K}\left(\frac{h}{q}\right)e\left(\frac{a\bar h k^2}{q}\right)\\ &\ll_\epsilon\left(H^{1/2}K^{1/2}+H^{3/4}+K+q^{-1/2}HK+q^{-1/2}K^2\right)q^\epsilon. \end{aligned}

The source invokes this estimate as an assumption behind stronger bounds for quadratic fractional parts; its resolution status is not supplied.

References

Primary source

Tsz Ho Chan, “Finding Almost Squares”, arXiv:math/0502199 (2005).

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