The stronger second-largest-value conjecture for quadratic exponential sums

Let m3m\geq 3 be odd, let nn be a non-negative integer, and let ff be a quadratic polynomial in nn variables modulo mm. Write q=2cos(π2m)q=2\cos\left(\frac{\pi}{2m}\right) and let S(f,n,m)S(f,n,m) denote the associated normalized quadratic exponential sum. Stronger form of the conjecture.

S(f,n,m)(q2)n+12.\left|S(f,n,m)\right|\leq\left(\frac{q}{2}\right)^{\left\lfloor\frac{n+1}{2}\right\rfloor}.

Moreover, if

S(f,n,m)<(q2)n+12,\left|S(f,n,m)\right|<\left(\frac{q}{2}\right)^{\left\lfloor\frac{n+1}{2}\right\rfloor},

then

S(f,n,m)(q2)n+12+1.\left|S(f,n,m)\right|\leq\left(\frac{q}{2}\right)^{\left\lfloor\frac{n+1}{2}\right\rfloor+1}.

This refines the proposed global bound by controlling the next possible magnitude of a quadratic exponential sum. The paper states that the global conjecture has been verified for quadratic ff when n10n\leq 10, but the stronger assertion remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Eduardo Duenez, Steven J. Miller, Howard Straubing and Amitabha Roy, “Incomplete Quadratic Exponential Sums in Several Variables”, arXiv:math/0412063 (2005).

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