Asymptotical freeness conjecture for the polar part and modulus of a biinvariant ensemble

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Let (Dn)(D_n) be a sequence of constant Hermitian matrices in Mn(C){\mathcal{M}}_n({\mathbb{C}}) whose distributions converge and whose operator norms are uniformly bounded. Let VnV_n be Haar-distributed in the unitary group U(n)U(n), and set xn=VnDnx_n=V_nD_n. The sequences (lim⁡k→∞(xn⋆)kxnk2k)n∈N(\lim_{k\rightarrow\infty}\sqrt[2k]{(x_n^{\star})^k x_n^k})_{n\in{\mathbb{N}}} and (xnxn⋆)n∈N(x_nx_n^{\star})_{n\in{\mathbb{N}}} are asymptotically free, where asymptotic freeness is defined using normalized traces and the limiting free ⋆\star-algebraic distribution.

Asymptotical freeness conjecture. The sequences

(lim⁡k→∞(xn⋆)kxnk2k)n∈N\left(\lim_{k\rightarrow\infty}\sqrt[2k]{(x_n^{\star})^k x_n^k}\right)_{n\in{\mathbb{N}}}

and

(xnxn⋆)n∈N(x_nx_n^{\star})_{n\in{\mathbb{N}}}

are asymptotically free.

The preceding results establish asymptotic freeness for each fixed kk and motivate this limiting assertion for the U(n)U(n)-biinvariant ensemble. The supplied text gives no resolution of the conjecture.

References

Primary source

Piotr Sniady and Roland Speicher, “Continuous Family of Invariant Subspaces for R-diagonal Operators”, arXiv:math/0103129 (2001).

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