Lu's second-gap conjecture for minimal submanifolds

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Let MnM^n be a closed minimal submanifold of the unit sphere Sn+m\mathbb S^{n+m}. With respect to a local orthonormal normal frame, let A\mathcal A be the fundamental matrix of the shape operators, and let λ1≥λ2≥⋯≥λm≥0\lambda_1\geq\lambda_2\geq\cdots\geq\lambda_m\geq0 be its eigenvalues. Write S=tr⁡AS=\operatorname{tr}\mathcal A. Lu's second-gap conjecture. For every pair (n,m)(n,m) there exists ε(n,m)>0\varepsilon(n,m)>0 with the following property: if S+λ2S+\lambda_2 is constant and S+λ2>nS+\lambda_2>n, then

S+λ2>n+ε(n,m).S+\lambda_2>n+\varepsilon(n,m).

This conjecture proposes a second gap above Lu's first-gap threshold nn for the refined curvature quantity S+λ2S+\lambda_2. It is motivated by the classical second-gap theorem of Peng and Terng and remains unresolved in the supplied source.

References

Primary source

Jianquan Ge, Fagui Li and Yunheng Zhang, “Lu's conjecture for minimal surfaces in codimension two”, arXiv:2607.21336 (2026).

Additional references

3 papers in this index state this conjecture (2010–2026). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:2402.01085, arXiv:1008.3683.

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