Leibman's conjecture on polynomial nilmanifold orbit averages

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Let W=N/ΛW=N/\Lambda be a connected nilmanifold, let Y=π(H)Y=\pi(H) be a connected subnilmanifold of WW, where HH is a connected closed subgroup of NN and π:N→W\pi:N\to W is the quotient map. Let g:Z→Ng:\mathbb Z\to N be a polynomial sequence with g(0)=Id⁡Ng(0)=\operatorname{Id}_N such that g(Z)Yg(\mathbb Z)Y is dense in WW, and assume that NN is generated by its connected component NoN^o and the elements of gg. Let ZZ be the normal closure of YY in WW. Leibman's conjecture. For every f∈C(W)f\in C(W),

lim⁡n→∞(∫g(n)Yf dμg(n)Y−∫g(n)Zf dμg(n)Z)=0.\lim_{n\to\infty}\left(\int_{g(n)Y}f\,d\mu_{g(n)Y}-\int_{g(n)Z}f\,d\mu_{g(n)Z}\right)=0.

The paper's appendix is explicitly devoted to disproving this conjecture, so the asserted statement is refuted by the paper's example.

References

Primary source

Or Shalom, “Non-vanishing of multiple correlation sequences”, arXiv:2607.13286 (2026).

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