Merca's positivity conjecture for truncated Jacobi theta series

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Let RR and SS be integers with 1≤S<R/21\le S<R/2, and let k≥1k\ge1. Consider the theta series

(−1)k(qS;qR)∞(qR−S;qR)∞∑j≥k(−1)jqj(j+1)R/2−jS(1−q(2j+1)S).\frac{(-1)^k}{(q^S;q^R)_\infty(q^{R-S};q^R)_\infty}\sum_{j\ge k}(-1)^jq^{j(j+1)R/2-jS}(1-q^{(2j+1)S}).

Merca's conjecture. This theta series has non-negative coefficients. The conjecture refines the established positivity theorem for averaged truncations of Jacobi's triple product identity; its resolution is not specified in the supplied text.

References

Primary source

Nian Hong Zhou, “Positivity and tails of Jacobi theta series”, arXiv:2607.10968 (2026).

Additional references

10 papers in this index state this conjecture (2020–2026). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:2606.27507, arXiv:2606.24243, arXiv:2509.06357, arXiv:2411.13818, arXiv:2409.19907, arXiv:2408.09467, arXiv:2403.11608, arXiv:2401.04019, arXiv:2005.03619.

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