The optimistic semisimple Serre-weight conjecture

Let undefined:undefinedLG(undefined)\text{undefined}:\text{undefined}\to{}^LG(\text{undefined}) be a semisimple LL-parameter. Let Wundefined(undefined)W^{\text{undefined}}(\text{undefined}) be the set of Serre weights arising from crystalline lifts, and let Wundefined(undefined)W^{\text{undefined}}(\text{undefined}) be the set of Serre weights described by the explicit inertial condition: FundefinedF_{\text{undefined}} belongs to it when there are undefinedundefined\text{undefined}'\text{undefined} and wWwW such that undefinedIundefinedundefined(undefined,w)\text{undefined}|_{I_{\text{undefined}}}\text{undefined}(\text{undefined}',w). Finally, let W(undefined)W(\text{undefined}) denote the conjectural true set of Serre weights. The optimistic semisimple Serre-weight conjecture. If undefined\text{undefined} is semisimple, then

W(undefined)=Wundefined(undefined)=Wundefined(undefined).W(\text{undefined})=W^{\text{undefined}}(\text{undefined})=W^{\text{undefined}}(\text{undefined}).

The conjecture identifies the true Serre weights with both the crystalline and explicit sets. The inclusion W(undefined)Wundefined(undefined)W(\text{undefined})W^{\text{undefined}}(\text{undefined}) is known in the usual global settings, while the asserted equality in general remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Bhargav Bhatt, Toby Gee and Mark Kisin, “Reduction modulo p of crystalline Galois representations via μ_p-equivariance”, arXiv:2607.08660 (2026).

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