The monotonicity conjecture for ternary cubic multinomial sums

For nNn\in\mathbb N, define

S3(3)(n)=k1+k2+k3=n(nk1,k2,k3)3.S_3^{(3)}(n)=\sum_{k_1+k_2+k_3=n}\binom{n}{k_1,k_2,k_3}^{3}.

Monotonicity conjecture for S3(3)S_3^{(3)}. The sequence

(S3(3)(n+1)S3(3)(n))n0\left(\frac{S_3^{(3)}(n+1)}{S_3^{(3)}(n)}\right)_{n\geq0}

is strictly increasing and converges to 2727, while the sequence

(S3(3)(n+1)n+1S3(3)(n)n)n1\left(\frac{\sqrt[n+1]{S_3^{(3)}(n+1)}}{\sqrt[n]{S_3^{(3)}(n)}}\right)_{n\geq1}

is strictly decreasing and converges to 11. The conjecture is presented as being based on computation.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Zhi-Wei Sun, “A new kind of numbers and related congruences”, arXiv:2607.07638 (2026).

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