Cho–Hong–Lee permutation-module generator conjecture for Hessenberg cohomology

Let h ⁣:[k][k]h\colon [k]\rightarrow [k] be a Hessenberg function, let SS be a regular semisimple operator on Ck\mathbb C^k, and let Sk\mathfrak S_k act on H(Hess(S,h))H^*(\operatorname{Hess}(S,h)). For each dd, let Ghd\mathcal G_h^d be the distinguished set of permutations indexing the module generators σw,h\sigma_{w,h} of H2d(Hess(S,h))H^{2d}(\operatorname{Hess}(S,h)), and let CSk(σw,h)\mathbb C\mathfrak S_k(\sigma_{w,h}) denote the cyclic submodule generated by σw,h\sigma_{w,h}. Cho–Hong–Lee conjecture. For every wGhdw\in\mathcal G_h^d, there exists σ^w,hCSk(σw,h)\widehat{\sigma}_{w,h}\in\mathbb C\mathfrak S_k(\sigma_{w,h}) such that CSk(σ^w,h)\mathbb C\mathfrak S_k(\widehat{\sigma}_{w,h}) is a permutation module and

H2d(Hess(S,h))=wGhdCSk(σ^w,h).H^{2d}(\operatorname{Hess}(S,h))=\bigoplus_{w\in\mathcal G_h^d}\mathbb C\mathfrak S_k(\widehat{\sigma}_{w,h}).

This conjecture gives a basis-level refinement of the permutation-module decomposition conjecture and remains open in the stated generality.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Soojin Cho and Seonjeong Park, “Permutation module decomposition of the cohomology of Hessenberg varieties associated with lollipop graphs”, arXiv:2607.03284 (2026).

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