de Jong's conjecture on finite geometric monodromy in characteristic pp

About 23 years old · traced to

Let kk be a finite field of characteristic ℓ≠p\ell\ne p, let XX be a geometrically connected smooth curve over kk, and let

1→π1(X‾)→π1(X)→Gk→11\to \pi_1(\overline{X})\to \pi_1(X)\to G_k\to 1

be the exact sequence for the arithmetic fundamental group, where X‾\overline{X} is the base change to an algebraic closure of kk. Let FF be a local field of characteristic pp. de Jong's conjecture. Every continuous representation

ρ:π1(X)→GLn(F)\rho:\pi_1(X)\to \mathrm{GL}_n(F)

has finite geometric monodromy: ρ(π1(X‾))\rho(\pi_1(\overline{X})) is finite. The source notes that this conjecture is used in the proof and records its solution by Gaitsgory for p>2p>2 and by de Jong for n≤2n\le 2.

References

Primary source

Yufan Luo, “A finiteness theorem for mod p Galois representations over global function fields”, arXiv:2606.29277 (2026).

Additional references

3 papers in this index state this conjecture (2003–2026). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:math/0402184, arXiv:math/0312490.

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