Weighted dual quadratic large sieve conjecture

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Let r≥1r\geq 1 be fixed, let δ>0\delta>0, and suppose that H≥n1/2+δH\geq n^{1/2+\delta}. Put M=H/nM=H/\sqrt n. Let D2r(H,M;ω)\mathcal{D}_{2r}(H,M;\omega) denote the weighted dual moment defined by

D2r(H,M;ω)=∑h∼H∣∑m≍MVω;h,me(h24m)∣2r.\mathcal{D}_{2r}(H,M;\omega)=\sum_{h\sim H}\left|\sum_{m\asymp M}V_{\omega;h,m}e\left(\frac{h^2}{4m}\right)\right|^{2r}.

Weighted dual quadratic large sieve conjecture. For every ε>0\varepsilon>0,

D2r(H,M;ω)≪r,ε,δHMrnεΦr(ω),\mathcal{D}_{2r}(H,M;\omega)\ll_{r,\varepsilon,\delta}HM^rn^\varepsilon\Phi_r(\omega),

uniformly for 1≤ω≤n/101\leq\omega\leq n/10, with the dependence on nn suppressed in the notation. In the ideal case one expects Φr(ω)≪nε\Phi_r(\omega)\ll n^\varepsilon.

This estimate is the missing higher-moment input suggested by the dual expansion. Establishing the ideal factor would yield the expected square-root-cancellation behavior in the dual variable, but the source does not state that it is known.

References

Primary source

Yixiu Xiao, “Moment Estimates and Discrepancy for Sums of Square Roots Modulo One”, arXiv:2606.28986 (2026).

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