Necessity of the conditions in the sufficiency theorem for vector-valued Runge–Kutta methods

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Let a vector-valued explicit or implicit Runge–Kutta method have order pp, and let the conditions in the sufficiency theorem referred to in the source be imposed on such a method. Necessity conjecture. The set of conditions in the sufficiency theorem is not only sufficient but also necessary for a vector-valued explicit or implicit Runge–Kutta method to achieve order pp. The conjecture concerns whether the stated simplifying conditions characterize order pp for vector-valued Runge–Kutta methods; the source presents this as an unresolved question about the necessity of its sufficiency-theorem conditions.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Junyuan He and Jizu Huang, “Low Stage and High Order Explicit Runge–Kutta Methods via Q- and D-Conditions: Several Construction Details”, arXiv:2605.16995 (2026).

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