The smallest-eigenvalue conjecture for Hodge Laplacians on homogeneous 3-spheres

Let g(a,b,c)g_{(a,b,c)} be the homogeneous metric on the Lie group SU⁡(2)\operatorname{SU}(2) or SO⁡(3)\operatorname{SO}(3) determined by positive parameters a,b,ca,b,c. For the Hodge Laplacian Δ1\Delta_1 on 11-forms, write λ1(Δ1)\lambda_1(\Delta_1) for its smallest eigenvalue. Smallest-eigenvalue conjecture. For (SU⁡(2),g(a,b,c))(\operatorname{SU}(2),g_{(a,b,c)}),

λ1(Δ1)=min⁡(4b2c2a2,4a2c2b2,4a2b2c2,a2+b2+c2).\lambda_1(\Delta_1)=\min\left(\frac{4b^2c^2}{a^2},\frac{4a^2c^2}{b^2},\frac{4a^2b^2}{c^2},a^2+b^2+c^2\right).

For (SO⁡(3),g(a,b,c))(\operatorname{SO}(3),g_{(a,b,c)}),

λ1(Δ1)=min⁡(4b2c2a2,4a2c2b2,4a2b2c2).\lambda_1(\Delta_1)=\min\left(\frac{4b^2c^2}{a^2},\frac{4a^2c^2}{b^2},\frac{4a^2b^2}{c^2}\right).

The claim concerns the global minimum over all representation weights; the preceding analysis establishes it for a class of metrics by a finite computer-assisted check, while the remaining evidence described here is numerical, so the conjecture remains open on the basis of the supplied text.

References

Primary source

Jonas Henkel and Emilio A. Lauret, “Hodge Laplacian on 1-forms of homogeneous 3-spheres”, arXiv:2605.05406 (2026).

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