The strong odd Hadwiger-type conjecture for clique immersions

From papers

Let tZ+t\in\mathbb{Z}^+ and let GG be a graph. An immersion of KtK_t is strong odd if its paths are pairwise edge-disjoint, have odd length, and no terminal is an interior vertex of a path. Strong odd immersion coloring conjecture. If GG has no strong odd KtK_t-immersion, then

χ(G)<t.\chi(G)<t.

This conjecture extends clique-immersion coloring conjectures by imposing both the strong and odd conditions. It is known for t4t\leq 4 and for several special graph classes, while the general statement remains open; the paper's main theorem gives a bound when α(G)2\alpha(G)\leq 2.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Henry Echeverría and Jessica McDonald, “Coloring graphs with independence number two and no odd clique immersions”, arXiv:2605.04022 (2026).

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