Volumetric zone conjecture on spherical zone unions

From papers

Let d2d\geq 2, let u1,,unSd1u_1,\dots,u_n\in\mathbb{S}^{d-1}, and let α[0,π/2]\alpha\in[0,\pi/2]. For a unit vector uu, define the spherical zone

Z(u,α)={vSd1:v,usin(α)}.Z(u,\alpha)=\{v\in\mathbb{S}^{d-1}:|\langle v,u\rangle|\leq\sin(\alpha)\}.

For j=1,,nj=1,\dots,n, set

vj=(cos((j1)πn),sin((j1)πn),0,,0)Sd1.v_j=\left(\cos\left(\frac{(j-1)\pi}{n}\right),\sin\left(\frac{(j-1)\pi}{n}\right),0,\dots,0\right)\in\mathbb{S}^{d-1}.

Let σd1\sigma_{d-1} be normalized surface measure on Sd1\mathbb{S}^{d-1}. Volumetric zone conjecture.

σd1(j=1nZ(uj,α))σd1(j=1nZ(vj,α)).\sigma_{d-1}\left(\bigcup_{j=1}^n Z(u_j,\alpha)\right)\leq\sigma_{d-1}\left(\bigcup_{j=1}^n Z(v_j,\alpha)\right).

The claim says that evenly spaced zones whose defining great subspheres share a codimension-two subsphere maximize the union's surface measure. The source relates this to Fejes Tóth's zone conjecture, whose covering version was proved by Jiang and Polyanskii; the volumetric extension stated here is presented as the unproved geometric reduction of the cosine covariance conjecture.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Dmitriy Kunisky, “A revision of Litvak's conjecture on Gaussian minima and a volumetric zone conjecture”, arXiv:2605.02023 (2026).

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