Sharp rank-2n22n-2 equalizer bound for monomorphisms

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Let n3n\ge 3, let FnF_n be a free group of rank nn, and let FF be a free group. Let g,h:FnFg,h:F_n\to F be monomorphisms. Sharp equalizer rank conjecture. Then

rkEq(g,h)2n2.\operatorname{rk}\operatorname{Eq}(g,h)\le 2n-2.

The paper constructs examples attaining rank at least 2n22n-2, motivating this as a candidate for the correct sharp upper bound after the Stallings equalizer conjecture was disproved. Its status is open in the supplied text.

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Primary source

Jialin Lei and Teng Zhang, “Colored Stallings graphs and Counterexamples to Stallings equalizer conjecture”, arXiv:2604.24502 (2026).

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