Visibility Density Conjecture for polynomial lines of sight

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Let F(x)∈Z[x]F(x)\in \mathbb{Z}[x] be a polynomial with positive leading coefficient. A lattice point (a,h)∈Z>0×Z>0(a,h)\in\mathbb{Z}_{>0}\times\mathbb{Z}_{>0} is visible along F(x)F(x) if there exists t∈Qt\in\mathbb{Q} such that h=tF(a)h=tF(a) and aa is the smallest positive integer uu for which tF(u)tF(u) is a positive integer. Define the density of visible lattice points, when the limit exists, by

D(F)=lim⁡N→∞#{(a,b)∈Z>02:max⁡{a,b}≤N and (a,b) is visible along F(x)}N2.D(F)=\lim_{N\to\infty}\frac{\#\{(a,b)\in\mathbb{Z}_{>0}^2:\max\{a,b\}\leq N\text{ and }(a,b)\text{ is visible along }F(x)\}}{N^2}.

Visibility Density Conjecture. If F(x)∈Z[x]F(x)\in\mathbb{Z}[x] has at least two distinct roots, then the set of lattice points in Z>0×Z>0\mathbb{Z}_{>0}\times\mathbb{Z}_{>0} visible along F(x)F(x) has density 11; equivalently,

D(F)=1.D(F)=1.

This extends the conjecture of Chaubey and Pandey for polynomials passing through the origin. It predicts a sharp contrast with monomials, for which the visible-point density is less than 11, and asserts that almost all lattice points are visible when the polynomial has at least two distinct roots.

References

Primary source

Abraham Lobsenz and Tristan Phillips, “Lattice point visibility along powers of polynomials”, arXiv:2604.23050 (2026).

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