FK representation conjecture for Ashkin–Teller spins

The Ashkin–Teller model on a box Λn\Lambda_n has configurations (σ1,σ2):Λn{1,+1}2(\sigma_1,\sigma_2):\Lambda_n\to\{-1,+1\}^2 with density proportional to

exp(xyJ(σ1(x)σ1(y)+σ2(x)σ2(y))+xyUσ1(x)σ1(y)σ2(x)σ2(y)).\exp\left(\sum_{x\sim y}J\left(\sigma_1(x)\sigma_1(y)+\sigma_2(x)\sigma_2(y)\right)+\sum_{x\sim y}U\sigma_1(x)\sigma_1(y)\sigma_2(x)\sigma_2(y)\right).

On the self-dual line, assume J0J\geq0, JUJ\geq U, and

sinh(2J)=exp(2U).\sinh(2J)=\exp(-2U).

Let g(4/3,4]g\in(4/3,4] be given by

g=8πsin1(coth2J2).g=\frac{8}{\pi}\sin^{-1}\left(\frac{\coth 2J}{2}\right).

Let CLE4gCLE_4^g denote the iterated CLE4_4 gasket construction described in the source, let sCs_C be the spin associated with a gasket CC, and let ν(C)\nu(C) be its Minkowski content measure. FK representation conjecture for Ashkin–Teller spins. An FK representation of the continuum limit of σ1\sigma_1 with wired boundary conditions is given by

CCLE4gν(C)sC,\sum_{C\in CLE_4^g}\nu(C)s_C,

where the sum is taken in decreasing order of gasket diameter over all CLE4_4 gaskets in the iteration. This conjecture proposes a continuum FK-type representation along the Ashkin–Teller critical line. The source notes that natural measures on the CLE4_4 gasket are available or expected to agree up to constants with the Minkowski content measure, and that the conjecture was independently proposed in related work and proved for the XOR-Ising case; the general assertion here remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Juhan Aru and Titus Lupu, “Renormalised two-point functions of CLE_4 gaskets”, arXiv:2604.15146 (2026).

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