Hoang–Reed conjecture on cycles with small overlaps

From papers

Let rNr\in\mathbb{N}, and let δ+(D)\delta^+(D) denote the minimum out-degree of a digraph DD. A sequence C1,,CrC_1,\ldots,C_r of directed cycles has at most one overlap per cycle if, for each ii, the iith cycle shares at most one vertex with the union of its predecessors. Hoang–Reed conjecture. Every digraph DD with

δ+(D)r\delta^+(D)\ge r

contains a sequence C1,,CrC_1,\ldots,C_r of directed cycles such that, for each i[r]i\in [r],

V(Ci)1j<iV(Cj)1.\left|V(C_i)\cap \bigcup_{1\le j<i}V(C_j)\right|\le 1.

The conjecture remains open and would directly imply the Caccetta–Häggkvist conjecture.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Raphael Steiner, “Openly disjoint cycles and directed tree-width of regular digraphs”, arXiv:2604.13700 (2026).

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