Infinite equalizer conjecture for free-group endomorphisms

From papers

Let FnF_n be a finitely generated free group, and let ϕ,ψ\phi,\psi be injective endomorphisms of FnF_n. Their extensions to the boundary are denoted by ϕ^\widehat\phi and ψ^\widehat\psi, and write Eq(ϕ,ψ)\operatorname{Eq}(\phi,\psi) and Eq(ϕ^,ψ^)\operatorname{Eq}(\widehat\phi,\widehat\psi) for the corresponding equalizers. The regular points of Eq(ϕ^,ψ^)\operatorname{Eq}(\widehat\phi,\widehat\psi) are the points considered in the paper's boundary equalizer construction.

Infinite equalizer conjecture. There is an upper bound, depending only on nn, for the number of Eq(ϕ,ψ)\operatorname{Eq}(\phi,\psi)-orbits of the regular points of Eq(ϕ^,ψ^)\operatorname{Eq}(\widehat\phi,\widehat\psi). The finite-rank-two case of the related equalizer problem is known, but the general case remains open; this infinite version is posed as an open problem.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

André Carvalho and Pedro V. Silva, “On fixed points and equalizers of injective endomorphisms of the free group at infinity”, arXiv:2604.01107 (2026).

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