Global log-concavity conjecture for BPS invariants of locally planar curves

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Let CC be an integral projective locally planar curve over k=C\mathbf{k} = \mathbb{C}, let g=g(C)g=g(C) and g~=g~(C)\widetilde{g}=\widetilde{g}(C) be its arithmetic and geometric genera, and set δ(C)=g−g~\delta(C)=g-\widetilde{g}. Let nh(C)n_h(C), 0≤h≤δ(C)0\leq h\leq\delta(C), be the global BPS invariants defined by the genus expansion of the Euler characteristics of Hilbert schemes of points on CC. Global BPS log-concavity conjecture. The sequence n0(C),…,nδ(C)(C)n_0(C),\ldots,n_{\delta(C)}(C) is log-concave with no internal zeros. In particular, it is unimodal. This is the global analogue of the local conjecture and concerns the enumerative geometry of integral projective locally planar curves; the source provides no evidence that it has been resolved.

References

Primary source

Tao Su, Baiting Xie and Chenglong Yu, “Log-concavity from enumerative geometry of planar curve singularities”, arXiv:2603.27888 (2026).

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