Bickle–Phillips conjecture on the 2-tone chromatic number of cubic graphs

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Let GG) be a cubic graph. The Bickle–Phillips conjecture.

τ2(G)≤8.\tau_2(G)\le 8.

If GG does not contain K4K_4, then

τ2(G)≤7.\tau_2(G)\le 7.

If GG does not contain K4−eK_4-e, then

τ2(G)≤6.\tau_2(G)\le 6.

The first assertion is known, while the third is disproved by the Heawood graph, which does not contain K4−eK_4-e; the status of the second assertion is not specified here.

References

Primary source

Hadeel Al Bazzal and Olivier Togni, “t-tone colorings of outerplanar and Halin graphs”, arXiv:2603.18674 (2026).

Additional references

2 papers in this index state this conjecture (2011–2026). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:1108.4751.

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