Aldous–Caputo-type conjecture for the spectral gap of U(n)\mathrm{U}(n)

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Let Γ=([n],w)\Gamma=([n],w) be an arbitrary hypergraph with non-negative weights. For each irreducible representation ρ\rho of U(n)\mathrm{U}(n), let λmin⁡(Γ,ρ)\lambda_{\min}(\Gamma,\rho) denote the smallest eigenvalue in its spectrum, and exclude the trivial representation. Aldous–Caputo-type conjecture. The smallest non-trivial eigenvalue of the U(n)\mathrm{U}(n)-spectrum of Γ\Gamma is attained in one of the irreducible representations (1,0,…,0,−1)(1,0,\ldots,0,-1) or (2,0,…,0,−2)(2,0,\ldots,0,-2). The conjecture extends the preceding theorem from hypergraphs of restricted support to arbitrary weighted hypergraphs; the source reports supporting results and computer simulations, but does not state a resolution.

References

Primary source

Gil Alon and Doron Puder, “Aldous-type Spectral Gaps in Unitary Groups”, arXiv:2603.00353 (2026).

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