Akbari–Alazemi–Anđelić's energy–matching number conjecture

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Let GGnot be isomorphic to C3C_3, C5C_5, or C7C_7, where GG is a connected graph, and let Δ(G)\Delta(G) denote its maximum vertex degree. Let E(G)\mathcal{E}(G) be the graph energy and ν(G)\nu(G) the matching number.

Akbari–Alazemi–Anđelić's conjecture. For any connected graph G≇C3,C5,C7G \not\cong C_3, C_5, C_7 with Δ(G)∈{2,3,4,5}\Delta(G) \in \{ 2, 3, 4, 5 \}, we have

E(G)≤2ν(G)Δ(G).\mathcal{E}(G) \le 2 \nu(G) \sqrt{\Delta(G)}.

This conjecture asks whether the maximum-degree hypothesis in the known theorem can be relaxed. It was refuted using Wagner's original approach through infinitely many counterexamples.

References

Primary source

Ivan Damnjanović, Uroš Milivojević, Irena Đorđević and Dragan Stevanović, “RLGT: A reinforcement learning framework for extremal graph theory”, arXiv:2602.17276 (2026).

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