Ricci eigenvalue conjecture for immersions into the unit ball

Let XnX^n be a closed manifold and let f:XnBNf:X^n\to\mathbb{B}^N be an immersion. Write g=fgRNg=f^*g_{\mathbb{R}^N} for the induced metric, and let c(f)\mathfrak{c}(f) denote its minimal normal curvature. Suppose that g~\tilde g is a metric conformally equivalent to gg, and let λ~1λ~4\tilde\lambda_1\leq\dots\leq\tilde\lambda_4 be the eigenvalues of the Ricci tensor Ric~\widetilde{\operatorname{Ric}} of g~\tilde g at any point. Ricci eigenvalue conjecture. If

c(f)<95,\mathfrak{c}(f)<\sqrt{\frac{9}{5}},

then gg is conformally equivalent to a metric g~\tilde g such that

λ~4<λ~1+λ~2+λ~3.\tilde\lambda_4<\tilde\lambda_1+\tilde\lambda_2+\tilde\lambda_3.

This condition could yield a matching lower bound for CN(S2×T2)\mathcal C_N(S^2\times T^2), but the conjecture remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Otis Chodosh and Chao Li, “Immersions with small normal curvature”, arXiv:2602.15728 (2026).

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