Asymptotic gap conjecture for the KPZ line ensemble

Let t>0t>0 and let H(t)={Hn(t)}n=1\mathcal{H}^{(t)}=\{\mathcal{H}^{(t)}_n\}_{n=1}^{\infty} denote the KPZ line ensemble at parameter tt. The value Hn(t)(0)\mathcal{H}^{(t)}_n(0) is the height of its nnth line at 00.

Asymptotic gap conjecture. Almost surely as nn\to\infty,

Hn+1(t)(0)Hn(t)(0)=log(n/t)+o(1).\mathcal{H}^{(t)}_{n+1}(0)-\mathcal{H}^{(t)}_n(0)=\log(n/t)+o(1).

This predicts that the KPZ line ensemble is eventually totally ordered, with consecutive gaps matching the logarithmic spacing suggested by the Toda locations. The statement is presented as an open problem, and the paper gives only heuristic support for the o(1)o(1) error.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Duncan Dauvergne and Fardin Syed, “Bulk heights of the KPZ line ensemble”, arXiv:2602.06876 (2026).

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