Fel's conjecture on universal symmetric polynomials for numerical semigroups

Let SS be the numerical semigroup under consideration, with multiplicity mm, generators d1,,dmd_1,\dots,d_m, gap power sums Gr(S)G_r(S), and invariants Kp(S)K_p(S). Write σ=(σ1,σ2,)\sigma=(\sigma_1,\sigma_2,\dots) and δ=(δ1,δ2,)\delta=(\delta_1,\delta_2,\dots), where

σk=i=1mdik,δk=σk12k.\sigma_k=\sum_{i=1}^m d_i^k,\qquad \delta_k=\frac{\sigma_k-1}{2^k}.

Let TnT_n be the universal symmetric polynomials defined from these power sums. Fel's conjecture. For every p0p\geq 0,

Kp(S)=r=0p(pr)Tpr(σ)Gr(S)+2p+1p+1Tp+1(δ).K_p(S)=\sum_{r=0}^p\binom{p}{r}T_{p-r}(\sigma)G_r(S)+\frac{2^{p+1}}{p+1}T_{p+1}(\delta).

This conjecture gives a complete formula for the invariants Kp(S)K_p(S) in terms of the universal symmetric polynomials and the gap power sums; the displayed cases for p3p\leq 3 provide the initial evidence, while the general identity is the conjectural part.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Evan Chen, Chris Cummins, GSM, Dejan Grubisic, Leopold Haller, Letong Hong, Andranik Kurghinyan, Kenny Lau, Hugh Leather, Seewoo Lee, Aram Markosyan, Ken Ono, Manooshree Patel, Gaurang Pendharkar, Vedant Rathi, Alex Schneidman, Volker Seeker, Shubho Sengupta, Ishan Sinha, Jimmy Xin and Jujian Zhang, “Fel's Conjecture on Syzygies of Numerical Semigroups”, arXiv:2602.03716 (2026).

Additional references

2 papers in this index state this conjecture (2025–2026). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:2507.12352.

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