The binary-prefix characterization of as a generalized eigenvalue of LCM and GCD matrices

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Let T={1,,n}T=\{1,\dots,n\} with n>3n>3. Write LT{\bf L}_T and GT{\bf G}_T for the LCM and GCD matrices indexed by TT, respectively, and call λ\lambda a g-eigenvalue of LT{\bf L}_T to GT{\bf G}_T when it is a generalized eigenvalue of the pair. Binary-prefix conjecture. The number 1-1 is a g-eigenvalue of LT{\bf L}_T to GT{\bf G}_T if and only if the binary representation of nn begins with 1010. This conjecture is motivated by computer experiments for 1n10001\le n\le 1000 and matches the description of OEIS sequence A004754, after omitting its first term; a proof of the asserted characterization is not supplied here.

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Primary source

Jorma K. Merikoski, Pentti Haukkanen, Antonio Sasaki and Timo Tossavainen, “On generalized eigenvalues of MAX matrices to MIN matrices and of LCM matrices to GCD matrices”, arXiv:2601.16626 (2026).

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