The replica conjecture for the non-Hermitian R-transform of a unitary sum
Let and be two large independent random matrices, and let be a Haar-distributed unitary random matrix. For large or large , let denote the matrix-valued transform used in the paper, and let and be its scalar components. Replica conjecture. One expects
This identity is expected to admit an analytic continuation to all , with appropriate choices of branches of the multivalued extensions and . The conjecture is the paper's main replica-method prediction for addition of large independent non-Hermitian random matrices under unitary conjugation; the supplied text gives no evidence of resolution.
References
Primary source
Pierre Bousseyroux and Marc Potters, “R-transforms for non-Hermitian matrices: a spherical integral approach”, arXiv:2601.09360 (2026).
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