Fan's Laplacian multiplicity conjecture for connected uniform hypergraphs

Let HH be a connected kk-uniform hypergraph, and let ρ\rho be the spectral radius of its adjacency tensor A(H)\mathcal{A}(H). Let L(H)\mathcal{L}(H) denote its Laplacian tensor. The projective eigenvariety Vλ(L(H))\mathbb{V}_{\lambda}(\mathcal{L}(H)) is the set of eigenvectors associated with λ\lambda, considered in complex projective space. Fan's conjecture.

am(0,L(H))=am(ρ,A(H)).{\rm am}(0, \mathcal{L}(H)) = {\rm am}(\rho, \mathcal{A}(H)).

Here am(λ,A){\rm am}(\lambda,\mathcal{A}) denotes algebraic multiplicity. Fan proved related equalities for certain classes, including uniform hypertrees; the conjecture extends the asserted multiplicity equality to all connected uniform hypergraphs.

References

Primary source

Ya-Nan Zheng, “Two conjectures in spectral hypergraph theory”, arXiv:2601.04514 (2026).

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