Hua–Huang–Li's statistical independence conjecture for powers of Hecke–Maass forms

Let {fi}i=1I\{f_i\}_{i=1}^I be an orthogonal family of Hecke–Maass cusp forms, with fi,fi=0\langle f_i,f_{i'}\rangle=0 for iii\ne i', and let CnC_n denote the nnth moment of a standard real Gaussian. Hua–Huang–Li's conjecture. For positive integers aia_i, the powers {fiai}i=1I\{f_i^{a_i}\}_{i=1}^I are statistically independent: for every ψCc(X)\psi\in C_c^\infty(\mathbb{X}),

Xψ(z)i=1Ifiai(z)dxdyy2i=1ICaiXψ(z)dxdyy2\int_{\mathbb{X}}\psi(z)\prod_{i=1}^I f_i^{a_i}(z)\frac{\mathrm{d}x\,\mathrm{d}y}{y^2}\sim\prod_{i=1}^I C_{a_i}\int_{\mathbb{X}}\psi(z)\frac{\mathrm{d}x\,\mathrm{d}y}{y^2}

as min{tf1,,tfI}\min\{t_{f_1},\ldots,t_{f_I}\} tends to infinity. This extends the Gaussian moments prediction to joint moments of an orthogonal family; the source attributes it to Hua, Huang, and Li.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Chengliang Guo, “Mixed fourth moments of automorphic forms and the shifted moments of L-functions”, arXiv:2601.00660 (2026).

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