Sturmfels's determinantal ideal conjecture for tensor train varieties

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Let k=(k0,…,kn)\mathbf{k}=(k_0,\dots,k_n) and r=(r1,…,rn)\mathbf{r}=(r_1,\dots,r_n), let ψ\psi be a k0×⋯×knk_0\times\cdots\times k_n tensor of indeterminates, and let ψi\psi^i denote its flattenings. The tensor train variety Vk,rV_{\mathbf{k},\mathbf{r}} is the variety parametrized by tensor trains with format k\mathbf{k} and rank bounds r\mathbf{r}. Sturmfels's conjecture. The homogeneous prime ideal of Vk,rV_{\mathbf{k},\mathbf{r}} in C[ψ]\mathbb{C}[\psi] is

I(Vk,r)=∑i=0n−1⟨(ri+1+1)-minors of ψi⟩.\mathcal I(V_{\mathbf{k}, \mathbf{r}}) = \sum_{i=0}^{n-1} \Big\langle (r_{i+1}+1)\textrm{-minors of }\psi^i \Big\rangle.

Moreover, the union of the (ri+1+1)(r_{i+1}+1)-minors of the flattenings ψi\psi^i for i=0,…,n−1i=0,\dots,n-1 forms a Gröbner basis for I(Vk,r)\mathcal I(V_{\mathbf{k},\mathbf{r}}). This would upgrade the known set-theoretic determinantal description to a scheme-theoretic one; it was suggested by Bernd Sturmfels, and remains open in general.

References

Primary source

Viktoriia Borovik, Hannah Friedman, Serkan Hoşten and Max Pfeffer, “Numerical Algebraic Geometry for Energy Computations on Tensor Train Varieties”, arXiv:2512.06939 (2026).

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