The girth-five frustration index conjecture for signed subcubic graphs

Let (G,σ)(G,\sigma) be a signed connected simple subcubic graph, where v(G)v(G) denotes the number of vertices of GG, F(G,σ)F(G,\sigma) denotes its frustration index, and the girth is the length of its shortest cycle. Girth-five frustration index conjecture. If (G,σ)(G,\sigma) has girth at least 55, then

F(G,σ)310v(G).F(G,\sigma)\leq \frac{3}{10}v(G).

This proposes an improved upper bound for the frustration index when short cycles are forbidden; its status is open in the supplied source.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Sirui Chen, Jiaao Li and Zhouningxin Wang, “Frustration indices of signed subcubic graphs”, arXiv:2511.15226 (2025).

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