The rainbow version of Rosa's graceful tree conjecture

For XNX\subseteq\mathbb{N}, let KXK_X be the complete graph on vertex set XX in which each edge ijij has colour ij|i-j|. Write [n]={1,,n}[n]=\{1,\ldots,n\}. A copy of a tree in this edge-coloured graph is rainbow if all its edges receive distinct colours. Rainbow version of Rosa's graceful tree conjecture. K[n]K_{[n]} contains a rainbow copy of every nn-vertex tree TT. This is equivalent to the graceful tree conjecture: an injective map from the vertices of TT into [n][n] gives an embedding in K[n]K_{[n]}, and the embedding is rainbow exactly when the map is a graceful labelling. Thus the statement is a reformulation rather than a separate conjecture.

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Primary source

Shoham Letzter, Alexey Pokrovskiy and Ella Williams, “On the gracesize of trees”, arXiv:2511.11331 (2026).

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