The product-chain cutoff conjecture for ordered labeled urn chains

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Let Xord,lab⁡\mathbf{X}^{\operatorname{ord,lab}} be the labeled ordered chain with parameters (n,d,μ)(n,d,\mu), with dndn labeled balls and a collection VV of all slots. Let Xprod⁡ord,lab⁡\mathbf{X}^{\operatorname{ord,lab}}_{\operatorname{prod}} be the product chain on VdnV^{dn} in which each ball moves independently at rate 1/n1/n, as does a single ball in Xord,lab⁡\mathbf{X}^{\operatorname{ord,lab}}.

Ordered labeled product-chain conjecture. The chains Xord,lab⁡\mathbf{X}^{\operatorname{ord,lab}} and Xprod⁡ord,lab⁡\mathbf{X}^{\operatorname{ord,lab}}_{\operatorname{prod}} exhibit cutoff around the same time.

This conjecture is motivated by the analogy with the interchange process and independent simple random walks. The corresponding assertion for the labeled, unordered chain follows from the paper's results, but the ordered labeled assertion remains open.

References

Primary source

Ritesh Goenka, Jonathan Hermon and Dominik Schmid, “Cutoff for generalised Bernoulli-Laplace urn models”, arXiv:2511.10630 (2025).

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