The physical realization conjecture for homological complexity

From papers

Let LL be a computational problem with homological complexity h(L)h(L). A physical system is said to solve LL efficiently when it computes solutions to LL within the relevant efficient resource bounds. Physical realization conjecture. The homological complexity h(L)h(L) corresponds to the minimum dimension of a physical system required to solve LL efficiently: h(L)=0h(L)=0 corresponds to one-dimensional systems, h(L)=1h(L)=1 to two-dimensional systems, h(L)=2h(L)=2 to three-dimensional systems, and h(L)3h(L)\geq 3 to quantum systems or higher-dimensional physics. This proposes a correspondence between topological obstructions in computational problems and the dimensionality of their physical implementations. The source offers heuristic motivation from topological quantum computation, holography, embodied computation, and complexity theory, but no proof or resolution.

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Primary source

Jian-Gang Tang, “A Homological Separation of P from NP via Computational Topology and Category Theory”, arXiv:2510.17829 (2025).

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