Real monopole–Heegaard Floer homology isomorphism conjecture

Let (Y,ι)(Y,\iota) be a real three-manifold with a compatible real spinc\mathrm{spin^c} structure s\mathfrak{s}. Let HMR~\widetilde{\mathit{HMR}}, HMRˇ\widecheck{\mathit{HMR}}, HMR^\widehat{\mathit{HMR}}, and HMR‾\overline{\mathit{HMR}} denote the real monopole Floer homology variants, and let HFR^\widehat{\mathit{HFR}}, HFR+\mathit{HFR}^{+}, HFR−\mathit{HFR}^{-}, and HFR∞\mathit{HFR}^{\infty} denote the corresponding real Heegaard Floer variants. Real Floer theories isomorphism conjecture. For a real rational homology three-sphere, or more generally any real three-manifold, there should be isomorphisms

HMR~(Y,ι,s)≅HFR^(Y,ι,s),HMRˇ(Y,ι,s)≅HFR+(Y,ι,s),\widetilde{\mathit{HMR}}(Y,\iota,\mathfrak{s})\cong \widehat{\mathit{HFR}}(Y,\iota,\mathfrak{s}),\qquad \widecheck{\mathit{HMR}}(Y,\iota,\mathfrak{s})\cong \mathit{HFR}^{+}(Y,\iota,\mathfrak{s}), HMR^(Y,ι,s)≅HFR−(Y,ι,s),HMR‾(Y,ι,s)≅HFR∞(Y,ι,s).\widehat{\mathit{HMR}}(Y,\iota,\mathfrak{s})\cong \mathit{HFR}^{-}(Y,\iota,\mathfrak{s}),\qquad \overline{\mathit{HMR}}(Y,\iota,\mathfrak{s})\cong \mathit{HFR}^{\infty}(Y,\iota,\mathfrak{s}).

These should be isomorphisms of F2{\mathbb F}_2-vector spaces or modules over a suitable ring. The conjecture is presented as a real analogue of the isomorphism between ordinary monopole and Heegaard Floer homologies.

References

Primary source

Yonghan Xiao, “The equivalence between two real Seiberg-Witten Floer homologies”, arXiv:2510.03709 (2026).

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