Chen–Zhu conjecture on primes in the gaps of a numerical semigroup

Let G0(a,b)G_0(a,b) be the set of gaps of the numerical semigroup generated by aa and bb, let g0,a,bg_{0,a,b} be its Frobenius number, and let π0,a,b\pi^*_{0,a,b} be the number of primes in G0(a,b)G_0(a,b). Let π(x)\pi(x) denote the number of primes not exceeding xx. Chen–Zhu conjecture. For coprime integers b>a1b>a\geq1,

π0,a,b12π(g0,a,b),\pi^*_{0,a,b}\geq\frac{1}{2}\pi(g_{0,a,b}),

with equality if and only if one of the following holds:

(1) a=1;(2) (a,b)=(2,3);(3) (a,b)=(2,5);(4) (a,b)=(3,5).(1)\ a=1;\qquad (2)\ (a,b)=(2,3);\qquad (3)\ (a,b)=(2,5);\qquad (4)\ (a,b)=(3,5).

The conjecture concerns the distribution of primes among the gaps of a two-generated numerical semigroup. The supplied text gives no resolution status for it, so it is recorded as open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Yuchen Ding, Takao Komatsu and Honghu Liu, “Primes of the form ax+by in certain intervals with small solutions”, arXiv:2510.01781 (2025).

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