Positive-measure observability conjecture for Schrödinger eigenfunctions on tori

Let d≥1d\geq 1, let Td\mathbb{T}^d be the dd-dimensional torus, and let V∈Lx∞(Td)V\in L^\infty_x(\mathbb{T}^d). Let HV=−Δ+V\mathcal{H}_V=-\Delta+V, and let ff be any eigenfunction of HV\mathcal{H}_V. Eigenfunction observability conjecture. For every measurable ω⊂Td\omega\subset\mathbb{T}^d with positive Lebesgue measure, one has

∥f∥Lx2≲d,V,ω∥f∥Lx2(ω).\|f\|_{L^2_x}\lesssim_{d,V,\omega}\|f\|_{L^2_x(\omega)}.

This is the stationary analogue of the space-time observability conjecture and asserts quantitative unique continuation from every positive-measure set. The source presents it as a conjecture for bounded potentials in arbitrary dimension.

References

Primary source

Nicolas Burq and Hui Zhu, “Observability of Schrödinger propagators on tori in rough settings”, arXiv:2509.23965 (2025).

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