Perimeter approximation conjecture for the convex hull of multiple random walks

Let LnL_n be the perimeter of the convex hull of the multiple random walks, and let Gn{\mathcal G}_n and Enf{\mathcal E}^{\mathrm{f}}_n be the sets defined in the paper. For each relevant index kk, let S0(k),,Sn(k)S_0^{(k)},\ldots,S_n^{(k)} denote the associated walk positions, let μk{\boldsymbol{\mu}}_k be the corresponding vector, let IμfI^{\mathrm{f}}_{\boldsymbol{\mu}} be the associated index set, and let Gn{\mathcal G}'_n be the subset of Gn{\mathcal G}_n obtained by removing from Enf{\mathcal E}^{\mathrm{f}}_n (i) all S0(k),,Sn(k)S_0^{(k)},\ldots,S_n^{(k)} for which μk{\boldsymbol{\mu}}_k lies in the relative interior of its face, and (ii) all S0(k),,Sn1(k)S_0^{(k)},\ldots,S_{n-1}^{(k)} for which μk{\boldsymbol{\mu}}_k is unique among kIμfk\in I^{\mathrm{f}}_{\boldsymbol{\mu}}. Perimeter approximation conjecture.

LnperimhullGnnnprob.0.\frac{L_n-\operatorname*{perim}\operatorname*{hull}{\mathcal G}'_n}{\sqrt{n}}\xrightarrow[n\to\infty]{\mathrm{prob.}}0.

This conjecture would provide a perimeter-specific approximation for the general limiting theory when the number of walks satisfies N3N\geq3, where the available L2L^2 Hausdorff approximation is generally too crude to analyze the perimeter. It is motivated by the paper's results for one and two walks and by cases with three or more walks that are already settled.

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Primary source

Wojciech Cygan, Tomislav Kralj, Nikola Sandrić, Stjepan Šebek, Andrew Wade and Mo Dick Wong, “Fluctuations for diameter and perimeter of convex hulls of multiple random walks”, arXiv:2509.17590 (2026).

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