Stable primitivity-rank formula for symmetric-group character averages

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Let S∙={SN}N≥1S_{\bullet}=\{S_N\}_{N\ge 1}, and let χμ[∙]={χμ[N]}\chi^{\mu[\bullet]}=\{\chi^{\mu[N]}\} denote the stable irreducible character associated with a partition μ\mu. For a word ww in the free group F\mathbb{F}, let β(w,χμ[∙])\beta(w,\chi^{\mu[\bullet]}) be defined by the asymptotic relation

Ew[χμ[N]]=(dim⁡χμ[N])−β(w,χμ[∙])(c+O(N−1))\mathbb{E}_{w}\left[\chi^{\mu[N]}\right]=\left(\dim\chi^{\mu[N]}\right)^{-\beta(w,\chi^{\mu[\bullet]})}\left(c+O\left(N^{-1}\right)\right)

for some constant c≠0c\ne0, and let sπ(w)\mathrm{s\pi}(w) be the stable primitivity rank of ww. Let I={χμ[∙]}μ{\cal I}=\left\{\chi^{\mu[\bullet]}\right\}_{\mu} be the set of stable irreducible characters of S∙S_{\bullet}. Stable primitivity-rank conjecture. For every w∈Fw\in\mathbb{F},

inf⁡triv≠χ∈Iβ(w,χ)=sπ(w).\inf_{\mathrm{triv}\ne\chi\in{\cal I}}\beta(w,\chi)=\mathrm{s\pi}(w).

Moreover, the infimum on the left-hand side is attained. This would identify stable primitivity rank as the optimal decay exponent among non-trivial stable irreducible character averages for symmetric groups; the supplied text gives no resolution status.

References

Primary source

Doron Puder and Yotam Shomroni, “Stable Invariants of Words from Random Matrices II: Formulas and Extensions”, arXiv:2509.17271 (2025).

Additional references

4 papers in this index state this conjecture (2019–2025). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:2311.17733, arXiv:2009.00897, arXiv:1902.04873.

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