Lamzouri's maximum-order conjecture for Dirichlet L-functions

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Let L(s,χ)L(s,\chi) be the Dirichlet LL-function, and let the maximum range over primitive nontrivial Dirichlet characters χ\chi modulo integers q≤Qq\leq Q. Lamzouri's maximum-order conjecture. As Q→∞Q\to\infty,

max⁡q≤Q max⁡χ≠χ0 primitive (mod q)∣L(1,χ)∣=(eγ+o(1))log⁡log⁡Q,\max_{q\leq Q}\ \max_{\substack{\chi\neq\chi_0\ \mathrm{primitive}\ (\mathrm{mod}\ q)}}|L(1,\chi)|=(e^\gamma+o(1))\log\log Q,

where χ0\chi_0 is the trivial character and γ\gamma is Euler's constant. The conjecture concerns the maximal size of L(1,χ)L(1,\chi) among primitive nontrivial characters; the supplied source says that no progress has been made in the direction discussed there.

References

Primary source

Atsushi Katsuda, “An extension of the Floquet-Bloch theory to nilpotent groups and its applications”, arXiv:2509.16848 (2025).

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